Impact crusher

ABSTRACT

An impact crusher having impeller shoes which are triangular in shape for operation in either forward or reverse directions of rotation without shifting their positions. The shoes are maintained in place by attaching structure which holds the impeller shoes without applying a compressive clamping force thereon. The impeller shoes have dished impelling surfaces for improved efficiency. The crusher includes a central feeding disc having a replaceable ring portion to renew the disc without replacing the entire feeding assembly.

ll States ood Stine et al. .........................241/189 A 241/189 Ae k U l y n a D 61 46 99 ll 13 1 29 00 13 17 22 .m b m .w 0 C E N l 0 61 d R m E W w v U m R m C B T C n m P e M v .1 .m 1 l 4 2 5 7 1 Road,Portland, Oreg. 9721 1 Mar. 17, 1970 Primary Examiner-Robert L. SpruillAttorney-Eugene M. Eckelman [22] Filed:

ABSTRACT [21] Appl. No.:

241,275 241,191 An impact crusher having impeller shoes which aretriangular 6 13/09 In shape for operation in either forward or reversedirections of rotation without shifting their positions. The shoes aremaintained in place by attaching structure which holds the im- [52]U.S.CI...

peller shoes without applying a compressive clamping force thereon. Theimpeller shoes have dished impelling surfaces for improved efficiency.The crusher includes a central feeding disc having a replaceable ringportion to renew the disc without replacing the entire feeding assembly.

References Cited Wood .........24l/275 3,540,667 11/1970Parker...................................24l/275 9Clalms,5DrawingFiguresPATENTEUmza I972 SHEET 1 [IF 2 BRUCE V. WOOD IMPACT CRUSI-IER BACKGROUNDOF THE INVENTION This invention relates to new and useful improvementsin impact crushers.

In the construction of impact crushers wherein the rocks are impelledagainst anvils or breaker elements by rotating impeller means, theimpeller means in the form of shoes must be securely anchored on therotative drive disc. It is customary to clamp the shoes between upperand lower plates for firm attachment, but it has been found that suchshoes are apt to fracture from the compressive forces of the clampingmeans, particularly since heavy strains are already applied thereto bythe impelling action they impart to the rock load.

The rock load is in most cases extremely abrasive and hard to crush andthis causes fast wear of the impeller means and anvils. The impellershoes of prior crushers require frequent replacement, and although suchprior structures have provided replaceable shoes they do not accomplishmaximum wear as well as easy attachment and detachment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, a feature of the present inventionis to provide an impact crusher having a novel structure which includesan impeller shoe structure designed to have maximum wear and alsodesigned for fast replacement.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an impeller shoestructure which is substantially triangular in shape for operation ineither forward or reverse directions to obtain maximum wear.

Another object is to provide in an impeller assembly upper and lowersupport plates and vertical connecting means having a spacer member witha vertical dimension greater than the vertical dimension of the shoeswhereby upon clamping of the upper and lower plates together, theclamping pressure is applied to the spacer members and not to theimpeller shoes.

Another object is to provide a support assembly for impeller shoesincluding a single clamp stud assembly wherein upon removal of such studupper and lower support plates can be detached for easy removal of theimpeller shoes.

Still another object is to provide an impeller assembly including acentral feeding disc having an outer ring which can be replaced whenworn so that the entire feeding disc does not have to be replaced. Theserings may be provided in varying thicknesses to selectively fix theheight of feed of the rock into the shoes.

The invention will be better understood and additional objects andadvantages will become apparent from the following description taken inconnection with the accompanying drawings which illustrate a preferredform ofthe invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view ofthe present impact crusher structure, such view being taken on theoffset line 1- 1 of FIG. 2;

F IG. 2 is an offset fragmentary plan view of an impeller assembly ofthe crusher with certain parts thereof broken away, this view beingtaken on the line 22 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 3-3of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an impeller shoe of the invention; and

FIG. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 55 ofFIG. 2.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT With particularreference to the drawings, and first to FIGS. 1 and 2, the presentcrusher comprises a circular housing 10. Housing has an enlargedperipheral extension 12 at the top provided with a bottom wall 14. Acover plate 16 is detachably connected to the housing by studconnections 18. Cover plate 16 has a central feed tube 20 for receivingrock to be crushed from a hopper 22 or other means such as a conveyor.

The bottom of the housing is open for discharge of crushed rock. Thishousing is seated on a raised support 26, shown in phantom, fordischarge of the crushed material out the bottom.

Disposed in the housing I0 is a pulley enclosure 30 having a topprotective wall 32. Enclosure 30 projects outwardly beyond one side ofthe housing It) and encloses pulleys 34 engaged by V-belts 36 having adriving engagement with motor driven pulleys not shown. Crushed rockdischarges freely through the opening 24 around the pulley enclosure.

- Pulleys 34 are keyed or otherwise secured to a vertical shaft 38projecting upwardly through the pulley enclosure and journaled in anupstanding bearing block 40 supported integrally on the pulleyenclosure. The upper end of the shaft 38 is tapered at 42 and projectsbeyond the end of bearing block 40 for reception in a tapered recess 44of a base member 46 having a rotatable seating support on the block 40.The upper surface of the base member 46 has a central, top openingrecess 48 for receiving a clamp washer 50. Clamp washer 50 seats on thebottom of recess 48, and studs 52 which pass through the washer havethreaded engagement with the upper end of the shaft 38 for holding thebase member on its bearing support. A key connection 54 is providedbetween the shaft and the base member 46 for unitary rotation.

Secured to the upper surface of the base member 46, as by welding, is anannular impeller disc or plate 60, also seen in FIG. 5, on which isseated an annular wear plate 62 having a peripheral downturnedperipheral flange 64. The impeller disc 60 is disposed interiorly of theflanged portion 64 of the wear plate 62.

Plate 62 supports a plurality of impeller shoes 66 on which is supportedan annular wear plate 68 having a peripheral upturned flange 70. Seatedon the plate 68 is an annular impeller disc or plate 72. Impeller disc72 is disposed interiorly of the flanged portion 70 of the plate 68.

The plates and shoes just described are held in assembled relation byupright studs 74, also seen in FIG. 3, which pass freely through theplates 62, 68 and 72 and have threaded engagement in the plate 60.Importantly, studs 74 are associated with spacer members 76 which, asbest seen in FIG. 2, have three parallel bores or openings 78therethrough, one of such bores receiving the studs 74. These spacermembers may be formed of three tubes secured together in a manner suchthat their outer configuration forms a triangular shape. The plates 62and 68 have triangular shaped apertures 80, also seen in FIG. 3, and theshoes 66 have similarly shaped bores 82 arranged to receive the spacermembers 76. In assembled relation, the respective opposite ends of thespacer members abut against the upper surface of impeller disc 60 andthe lower surface of impeller disc 72 and prevent pressure clamping ofthe plate assembly on the shoes. The shoes are thus not subjected to anyclamping stress in their mounting assembly. The shoes are held againstrotative movement on the impeller assembly by the triangular shape ofthe spacer members fitted in the correspondingly shaped openings 80 and82 in the plates and shoes, respectively.

With particular reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, the two opening portions 78of the spacer members 76 which are not associated with the studs 74 haveupper and lower studs 84 fitted tightly therein. These studs engage inapertures 86 in both impeller discs 60 and 72 for reinforced nonrotativeconnection of the spacer members 76 in the impeller assembly.

As stated, the plates 60, 62, 68 and 72 are annular in shape, having acentral opening 88. The two upper plates 68 and 72 thus allow rock fromthe feed tube 20 to be admitted down between the impeller shoes, itbeing preferred as shown that feed tube 20 extend down at least to apoint below the plate 68. By this arrangement, a minimum of incomingrock will engage these plates and there will not be much wear. The wearplates 62 and 68, and their outer flanges, provide protection of theimpeller discs from flying rock. The bottom plates 60 and 62 aredisposed around a feed or deflecting disc assembly having an outer ring90 and a clamping core member 92 therefor. Ring 90 and core member 92have a tapered interfitting engagement 94 and are secured to the basemember 46 by means of a central stud 96 passing down through the coremember 92 and threadedly engaged in the top of shaft 38. The feed discassembly 90, 92 rotates with the impeller assembly. The upper surfacesof the core member 92 and the ring 90 generally tapered down toward theouter side of the crusher whereby rock admitted through the feed tube 20will be directed outwardly into the impeller shoes 66. The greatest wearoccurs on the outer portion of the feed disc assembly and thus, sincethe outer ring 90 and its mounting core member 92 are separate pieces,the ring 90 may be replaced without the necessity of replacing the wholeassembly. In addition, it may be desired that different thicknesses ofthe outer ring 90 be provided, as determined by the height it is desiredthat the rock be directed into the impeller shoes.

As best seen in FIGS. 2 and 4, the impeller shoes are substantiallytriangular as viewed in plan. Furthermore, they are substantially anisosceles triangle with two equally angled sides 98 thereof forming rockimpelling surfaces. The shoes are mounted such that the angle or cornerbetween the impelling surfaces 98 is directed toward the axis of theimpeller unit whereby the two surfaces 98 allow forward and reverserotation of the impeller unit without repositioning the shoes. Forwardand reverse rotation of the impeller unit is accomplished by areversible drive motor, not shown, which drives the belts 36. Suchreverse drive of the impeller unit provides for maximum wear of theshoes in that when one side of the shoes has become worn it is merelynecessary to reverse the direction of rotation of the drive motor tosubject the other side to wearv Although four impeller shoes areillustrated in the drawings, it is to be understood that more or lessmay be used.

In a preferred arrangement, the two impelling surfaces 98 of the shoes66 are dished. It has been found that such dished constructioncontributes to better impelling movement of the rock and better wear forthe shoes, as compared to a straight or flush surface.

The impeller shoes 66 are arranged to throw rock outwardly against anvilor breaker members 100 secured in the side extension 12 of the housing.In a preferred arrangement, the breaker plates are disposed in a maincircumferential row 100 aligned laterally with the shoes and upper andlower auxiliary rows 102 and 104, respectively.

According to the invention an impact crusher is provided which obtainsmaximum wear from the impeller shoes 66 in that the latter operate ineither forward or reverse direction of rotation of the impeller unit.Maximum wear can be obtained therefrom by reversing the direction ofrotation of the impeller. No repositioning of the shoes or anvils isnecessary in such reversal. The impeller shoes may be inverted if unevenwear occurs to prolong the life thereof. The wear life of the impellershoes is also prolonged because, due to the spacer members 76, noclamping pressure is applied to the shoes.

It is to be understood that the form of my invention herein shown anddescribed is to be taken as a preferred example of the same and thatvarious changes in the shape, size and arrangement of parts may beresorted to without departing from the spirit ofmy invention or thescope of the subjoined claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. An impact crusher comprising a. a housing,

b. a feed inlet in said housing,

c. an impeller unit mounted for rotation about a vertical axis in saidhousing,

d. drive means connected to said impeller unit for rotating the same,

e. at least one impeller shoe on said impeller unit for impellingmaterial fed parallel to said axis of rotation through said inlet awayfrom the impeller unit,

f. means securing said impeller shoe to said impeller unit, g. saidimpeller shoe being substantially triangular in cross section and havinga pair of rock engaging surfaces leading in different angular directionsand arranged such that one surface impels rocks outwardly in the forwarddirection of rotation of said impeller unit and the other surface impelsrocks outwardly in the reverse direction of rotation of said impellerunit.

2. The impact crusher of claim 1 wherein said impeller shoe is disposedsuch that the corner thereof between said two angled faces is directedsubstantially toward the axis of rotation.

3. The impact crusher of claim 1 wherein said means attaching saidimpeller shoe to said impeller unit is detachable and is arranged to beturned over.

4. An impact crusher comprising a. a housing,

b. an impeller unit rotatably mounted in said housing,

c. said impeller unit including at least one impeller shoe and a pair ofplates one of which lies under the impeller shoe and the other ofwhichoverlies the impeller shoe,

d. a stud extending through said shoe and having a head connection withone of said plates and a threaded connection with the other plate forattaching said shoe to said impeller unit between said plates wherebyupon rotation of the impeller unit said shoe is arranged to impel rockoutwardly,

e. said impeller shoe being substantially triangular in cross section,having two vertically disposed angled faces forming a pair of rockengaging surfaces,

. and a spacer member extending between said plates and having a lengthgreater than the vertical dimension of said impeller shoe to take theclamping pressure of the stud and prevent it from being applied to theshoe.

5. The impact crusher of claim 4 wherein said spacer member is nonroundand fits in correspondingly shaped apertures in said pair of plates andsaid impeller shoe whereby to hold said shoe in a fixed nonrotativeposition between the plates.

6. The impact crusher of claim 4 wherein said spacer member has at leasttwo openings extending vertically therethrough, one of said openingsreceiving said stud, and upper and lower projections in the otheropening for engaging saidupper and lower plates to stabilize the shoe onthe impeller unit.

7. The impact crusher of claim 4 wherein said plates are annular toreceive rock centrally thereof, and an impelling disc under the centralopening arranged to direct rock into said impeller shoes.

8. The impact crusher of claim 1 wherein said angled faces oftheimpeller shoe are concaved.

9. The impact crusher of claim 4 wherein said plates are annular toreceive rock centrally thereof, and a feed disc under the centralopening arranged to direct rock into said impeller shoes, said dischaving an outer replaceable ring and an inner mounting block secured tosaid impelling unit.

1. An impact crusher comprising a. a housing, b. a feed inlet in saidhousing, c. an impeller unit mounted for rotation about a vertical axisin said housing, d. drive means connected to said impeller unit forrotating the same, e. at least one impeller shoe on said impeller unitfor impelling material fed parallel to said axis of rotation throughsaid inlet away from the impeller unit, f. means securing said impellershoe to said impeller unit, g. said impeller shoe being substantiallytriangular in cross section and having a pair of rock engaging surfacesleading in different angular directions and arranged such that onesurface impels rocks outwardly in the forward direction of rotation ofsaid impeller unit and the other surface impels rocks outwardly in thereverse direction of rotation of said impeller unit.
 2. The impactcrusher of claim 1 wherein said impeller shoe is disposed such that thecorner thereof between said two angled faces is directed substantiallytoward the axis of rotation.
 3. The impact crusher of claim 1 whereinsaid means attaching said impeller shoe to said impeller unit isdetachable and is arranged to be turned over.
 4. An impact crushercomprising a. a housing, b. an impeller unit rotatably mounted in saidhousing, c. said impeller unit including at least one impeller shoe anda pair of plates one of which lies under the impeller shoe and the otherof which overlies the impeller shoe, d. a stud extending through saidshoe and having a head connection with one of said plates and a threadedconnection with the other plate for attaching said shoe to said impellerunit between said plates whereby upon rotation of the impeller unit saidshoe is arranged to impel rock outwardly, e. said impeller shoe beingsubstantially triangular in cross section, having two verticallydisposed angled faces forming a pair of rock engaging surfaces, f. and aspacer member extending between said plates and having a length greaterthan the vertical dimension of said impeller shoe to take the clampingpressure of the stud and prevent it from being applied to the shoe. 5.The impact crusher of claim 4 wherein said spacer member is nonround andfits in correspondingly shaped apertures in said pair of plates and saidimpeller shoe whereby to hold said shoe in a fixed nonrotative positionbetween the plates.
 6. The impact crusher of claim 4 wherein said spacermember has at least two openings extending vertically therethrough, oneof said openings receiving said stud, and upper and lower projections inthe other opening for engaging said upper and lower plates to stabilizethe shoe on the impeller unit.
 7. The impact crusher of claim 4 whereinsaid plates are annular to receive rock centrally thereof, and animpelling disc under the central opening arranged to direct rock intosaid impeller shoes.
 8. The impact crusher of claim 1 wherein saidangled faces of the impeller shoe are concaved.
 9. The impact crusher ofclaim 4 wherein said plates are annular to receive rock centrallythereof, and a feed disc under the central opening arranged to directrock into said impeller shoes, said disc having an outer replaceablering and an inner mounting block secured to said impelling unit.